部分临床护士发生针刺伤情况的调查

目的了解临床护士针刺伤的发生率、刺伤原因、环节,有关防护的概念及安全操作行为等问题.方法采用便利抽样对参加全国护理学术会议及北京7家医院部分临床护士共1075名进行回顾性问卷调查.结果被调查护士中866人发生过针刺作,发生率80.6%;被调查者年人均刺伤3.5次,其中74.5%被污染针头所刺伤;操作后整理用物特别在处理使用过的针头时刺伤率高达36.0%;护士在取静脉血及输液时戴手套率很低,仅7.7%,回套针帽率高达57.0%;在刺伤发生后向上级何等了汇报的仅占10.2%.结论临床护士的防护意识淡漠,针刺伤发生率高.因此,加强"全面性防护"概念的教育、建立并执行全面性防护措施是当前职业防护面临的紧迫课题.     

当前中医护理研究的主要内容分析

目前中医护理学处于早期发展阶段,笔者认为此时中医护理的主要研究内容包括:(1)不断完善与发展中医护理学理论体系;(2)建立最优化的中医护理教育课程体系;(3)研究发展中医护理临床操作技术与现代护理技术;(4)研究建立科学高效的中医护理管理体系。在研究方法上,要借鉴先进国家的护理行业发展经验。     

Nursing process education: A review of methods and characteristics

The concepts of the nursing process have been assigned as important plans for the curricula and continuing education programs in the nursing discipline. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of the educational methods applied in training programs in the nursing process or nursing care plan. The original studies were extracted from the PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Science Direct and, Web of Science databases, following two-step screening by two reviewers. Accordingly, 21 papers were included in the study based on inclusion criteria. According to the results, 42.85% of educational methods were computer-based while 57.15% were non-computer based. Computers were used as the main educator (14.28%) or as an assisted-tool (25.57%). The lecture-based training, as one of the non-computer based educational tools, was the most frequent method observed across the studies (33.3%). There are two frequently used measures of evaluating the educational programs learner's knowledge of nursing process (28.75%) and their attitude toward the program (23.80%). The results suggested that in order to improve educational methods for the nursing process, computers, mobile phones, and other available technologies should be integrated with the traditional educational methods. Also, comprehensive measures should be applied for evaluating them.     

Violence and burnout in health care emergency workers in Santiago,Chile: A survey-based cross-sectional study

Shortage of quantitative studies regarding health risks for emergency services workers is a concern for Chilean’s occupational health organizations.ObjectiveTo explore the incidence of violence and burnout in emergency services of the Metropolitan Region of Chile, and associations with workers’ characteristics and workplace conditions.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out from January to August 2016. A self-reported questionnaire explored about frequency and seriousness of violence episodes and about symptoms of burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory.ResultsOf the 565 workers participating, 71% (95% CI 66.7–74.5) said violence episodes occurred at least once a week; 71.3% (95% CI 67.3–75.0) were victims of some aggression in the previous 12 months. Patients companions, relatives or friends arose as the main aggressors and the severity of the episodes was considered slight or moderate by more than 50% of participants. Fifty-seven respondents (10.5%, CI 95% 8.1–13.5) classified as having a burnout syndrome. Having been a victim of violence was associated to high emotional exhaustion (OR_adj = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.8) and depersonalization (OR_adj = 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.3).ConclusionsViolence is a problem in the emergency departments of Chile’s Metropolitan Region. Burnout is also present and independently associated to violence.     

Development of chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis is common and impairs clinical outcomes

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肿瘤专科医院I期临床研究病房的建设与实践

目的 总结湖南省肿瘤医院构建肿瘤专科特色I期临床研究病房的实践经验,为正在建设I期临床研究病房的医疗机构提供参考和借鉴。方法 我院I期临床研究病房以肿瘤受试者为中心,以多学科团队协作模式进行肿瘤受试者的全病程管理,建立高效的管理体系来保障I期临床研究病房的建设,主要内容包括病区管理、受试者管理、研究团队管理、质量控制、信息化建设等。结果 I期临床研究病房成立以来,病房在研项目160余项,I期病房方案违背率低于1%,采血及处理生物样本超窗发生率均低于0.8%,受试者护理不良事件发生率低于0.45%,第三方测评满意度均高于96%,肿瘤受试者和家属满意度增高。结论 我院基于肿瘤专科特色建设高效的I期临床研究病房管理体系,搭建了湖南省临床试验培训、科研、信息交流平台,其服务模式和管理体系可推广至其他医院,进一步推动临床研究在全国范围的发展。     

Nursing workload in intensive care units: a study using the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28).

The Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) is an instrument that has been used to measure severity of illness and nursing workload in intensive care units (ICUs). OBJECTIVES: To characterize the severity of illness and nursing workload using the TISS-28 in 11 ICUs of a university hospital in the city of S?o Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: In a prospective study, data were collected from 271 patients admitted to the ICUs in December 2000 and the patients were followed up for 1 week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients were males (60.0%) and their mean age was 51(+20.6) years. Surgical treatment (66.8%) and admissions from the operating room were predominant. The mortality rate was 25.0% and the average length of stay was 7.7 (+10.4) days. The mean TISS-28 score was 23 (range: 14-32 points). The lowest mean score was observed for patients from the Burn ICU and the highest mean score was obtained for patients from the Liver Transplant ICU. A change in TISS-28 scores was observed in the same ICU over the 7-day study period. Units differed in terms of severity of illness and nursing workload. Patients who died received a higher TISS-28 score than patients who survived (p=0.00). As the nursing staff are the largest economic investment in an ICU, so measuring nursing workload in different ICUs from different centres can contribute to the estimation of nursing staff required according to the specific demands of the units.     

A systematic literature review of accuracy in nursing care plans and using standardised nursing language

Background

Care planning is an essential part of nursing practice. Formulating nursing care plans within the framework of standardised nursing language warrants further examination.